Autoimmune thyroid disease in Colombian patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence and the predictive factors of autoimmune hypothyroidism (AH) within a systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) cohort and to analyse the current information concerning the prevalence and impact of autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) and thyroid autoimmunity in patients with SLE. METHODS: A total of 376 patients with SLE were assessed for the presence of the following: (i) confirmed AH, (ii) positive thy-roperoxidase/thyroglobulin antibodies [TPOAb/TgAb] without hypothyroidism, (iii) nonautoimmune hypothyroidism and (iv) SLE patients with neither. Multivariate analysis and a classification and regression tree model were used to analyse data. The current information was discussed through a systematic literature review (SLR). RESULTS: In our cohort, the prevalence of confirmed AH was 12%. However, in euthyroid patients with SLE, TPOAb and TgAb were observed in 21% and 10%, respectively. Patients with confirmed AH were significantly older and had later age at onset of the disease. Smoking (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 6·93, 95% CI 1·98-28·54, P = 0·004), Sjögren's Syndrome (SS) (AOR 23·2, 95% CI 1·89-359·53, P = 0·015) and positivity for anticyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) (AOR 10·35, 95% CI 1·04-121·26, P = 0·047) were associated with AH-SLE, regardless of gender and duration of the disease. Smoking and SS were confirmed as predictors of AH-SLE. In the SLR, the prevalence of AITD ranged from 1% to 60%. The factors associated with this polyautoimmunity were female gender, older age, smoking, certain autoantibodies, SS, and cutaneous and articular involvement. CONCLUSIONS: AITD is frequent in SLE and does not affect the severity of SLE. Identified risk factors will assist clinicians in the search for AITD. Our results encourage smoke-free policies in patients with SLE.

Cardiovascular disease in latin american patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a cross-sectional study and a systematic review.

Objective. This study was performed to determine the prevalence of and associated risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Latin American (LA) patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods. First, a cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in 310 Colombian patients with SLE in whom CVD was assessed. Associated factors were examined by multivariate regression analyses. Second, a systematic review of the literature on CVD in SLE in LA was performed. Results. There were 133 (36.5%) Colombian SLE patients with CVD. Dyslipidemia, smoking, coffee consumption, and pleural effusion were positively associated with CVD. An independent effect of coffee consumption and cigarette on CVD was found regardless of gender and duration of disease. In the systematic review, 60 articles fulfilling the eligibility criteria were included. A wide range of CVD prevalence was found (4%-79.5%). Several studies reported ancestry, genetic factors, and polyautoimmunity as novel risk factors for such a condition. Conclusions. A high rate of CVD is observed in LA patients with SLE. Awareness of the observed risk factors should encourage preventive population strategies for CVD in patients with SLE aimed at facilitating the suppression of cigarette smoking and coffee consumption as well as at the tight control of dyslipidemia and other modifiable risk factors.

Correlación y concordancia de la autoclinimetríaen artritis reumatoide: revisión sistemática de laliteratura y metanálisis / Patients-reported outcomes correlation and concordance in rheumatoid arthritis: systematic literature review and metaanalysis

Introducción: Existe un interés mundial en la evaluación de la artritis reumatoide (AR) desde la perspectiva del paciente mediante la autoclinimetría [en inglés patient-reported out comes(PROs)], que busca evaluar la actividad de la enfermedad, calidad de vida, pronóstico y adherencia terapéutica. Objetivo: Evaluar y analizar de manera objetiva el grado de correlación o concordancia entre las herramientas de autoclinimetría implementadas en AR con las mediciones objetivas realizadas por el equipo de salud, a través de una revisión sistemática de la literatura mundial y metanálisis. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó revisión sistemática de la literatura acerca de autoclinimetría en AR en PubMed, LILACS, Embase, SciELO y Biblioteca Virtual de la Salud, utilizando términos MeSH y DeCS, con un solo limite utilizado: humanos. Posteriormente, se realizó el metanálisis utilizando el programa Comprehensive Meta-Analysis versión 2. Resultados: Se incluyeron 85 artículos, demostrando correlaciones de moderadas a altas, entre las medidas objetivas realizadas por profesionales de la salud [DAS28, CDAI, SDAI, conteo articular inflamatorio (CAI) y doloroso (CAD), entre otros],y de autoclinimetría (RAPIDs, RADAI, RADAR, HAQ y CAI y CAD), por medio de metanálisis utilizando modelo de efectos aleatorios (p<0.0001). Conclusiones: La autoclinimetría tiene correlación y concordancia adecuadas con las medidas objetivas realizadas por el médico y su equipo entrenado. Ésta puede ser administrada tanto en la práctica clínica cotidiana como en ensayos clínicos, sin pretender que remplace el juicio clínico, pero con el ánimo de facilitar y optimizar el tiempo de consulta y los desenlaces de los paciente.

Introduction: There is a worldwide interest about the evaluation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) from the perspective of the patient, using patient-reported outcomes (PROs), in order to assess disease activity, quality of life, prognosis, and treatment adherence. Objective: To evaluate and analyze the instruments of PROs and the degree of correlation with the objective measures done by the health practitioners through a systematic review and metaanalys.